The separation of schools by race is harmful to both black and white children.

“The separation of the schools, so far from being for the benefit of both races, is an injury to both. It tends to create a feeling of degradation in the blacks and of prejudice and uncharitabitleness in the whites.”

Segregated schools for black children provided an inferior educational experience compared to schools for white children.

“Second, it is not in fact an equivalent. It is the occasion of inconveniences to the colored children to which they would not be exposed if they had access to the nearest public schools. It inflicts upon them the stigma of cast.”