In this conversation from a16z’s Runtime, Gavin Baker, Managing Partner and CIO of Atreides Management, joins David George, General Partner at a16z, to unpack the macro view of AI: the trillion-dollar data center buildout, the new economics of GPUs, and what this boom means for investors, founders, and the global economy. Timestamps: 00:00 Intro 01:02 Are We in an AI Bubble? Setting the Stage with Data 02:41 Lessons from 2000: Dark Fiber vs. “No Dark GPUs” 05:07 ROI on AI: Why This Time Is Different 06:42 Nvidia, Google, and the Race to Win AI Infrastructure 08:36 Round-Tripping Deals and Competitive Pressure 10:58 Google’s TPU Advantage and the Four Leading Labs 12:22 The Application Layer: It’s Still Early 13:46 Big Tech’s “Right to Win” and the Execution Gap 15:24 Margins, Scaling Laws, and the Business Model Shift 17:18 Why Lower Gross Margins Mean Real AI Usage 19:44 SaaS, Software, and the Cloud Transition Analogy 21:12 Consumer AI, Browsers, and the Battle for Distribution 23:26 Reasoning Models and the Data Flywheel Effect 25:02 Chips, TPUs, and Broadcom’s Bet Against Nvidia 27:18 The Future of Business Models: Paying for Outcomes 29:41 Robotics, Humanoids, and Elon’s Optimus Vision Resources: Full Transcript on our Substack: https://a16z.substack.com/p/gavin-baker-and-david-george-on-positional Follow Gavin on X: https://x.com/GavinSBaker Follow Atreides Management on X: https://x.com/atreidesmgmt Follow David on X: https://x.com/DavidGeorge83 Stay Updated: If you enjoyed this episode, be sure to like, subscribe, and share with your friends! Resources: Find a16z on X: https://x.com/a16z Find a16z on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/a16z Listen to the a16z Podcast on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5bC65RDvs3oxnLyqqvkUYX Listen to the a16z Podcast on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/a16z-podcast/id842818711 Follow our host: https://x.com/eriktorenberg Please note that the content here is for informational purposes only; should NOT be taken as legal, business, tax, or investment advice or be used to evaluate any investment or security; and is not directed at any investors or potential investors in any a16z fund. a16z and its affiliates may maintain investments in the companies discussed. For more details please see a16z.com/disclosures.