The curvature in a disc's flight is driven by pitching moments that change as the center of pressure moves relative to the center of mass during flight.

“As the disk is launched, it comes from a low angle of attack to a high angle of attack. We pass through this trim condition, which is zero pitching moment. Initially, we have negative pitching moment, which means the disk from a right-hand, back hand throw, it comes up like this and then starts to d”

The new Al Rihla ball has a slightly lower drag coefficient at high speeds compared to previous balls, but the effect is very small.

“it's certainly at the high speeds there is a reduction in the drag coefficient but very very tiny it very much models the drag curves we saw with the Telstar 18 and the Bazooka”

Installing winglets at the tips of airplane wings reduces turbulent drag, which increases fuel efficiency.

“They discovered that if you put a little uptick, a little up angle in the tip of your wing, you can boost the uh you can reduce the drag thereby increasing fuel efficiency thereby enabling cargo planes to carry that much more and that much farther.”