Complexity in the universe cannot emerge spontaneously beyond a certain threshold without evolution and selection.

“the nature of how we Define complexity is it doesn't happen spontaneously it requires Evolution”

Complex structures, like galaxies or organisms, are characterized by having phenomena occurring across all different scales, rather than repeating the same pattern at one scale.

“even if we don't agree on the once and for all definition of complexity we have this feeling that things that we would recognize and identify as complex have the feature that something is going on on small scales and intermediate scales and large scales okay it's not just the same thing over”

Complexity science studies matter that is teleonomic, or matter with purpose, which distinguishes it from the fundamental physical sciences.

“yes yes yes I mean in a nutshell we study teleonomic matter we study matter with purpose and that's what distinguishes it from physics”