Science says eating just one meal per day can improve your health. Learn more at https://highintensityhealth.com/OMAD ----- Access the show notes & MP3 Audio: http://highintensityhealth.com/drpedre Learn more about Dr. Pedre's new book, Happy Gut: http://amzn.to/1ISKJun Key Discussion Points: 02:30 Multiple Microbiomes: We have multiple different adapted microbiomes and they vary depending upon the conditions under which they live. We are learning how this microbiome interacts with us, how it creates health, and how an imbalance creates disease. 3:21 Microbiome and our Minds: In animal studies, we find that the microbiome controls how our minds work. A mouse experiment took gut bacteria from risk taker mice and placed it in anxious mice, the anxious mice took on the bolder mice characteristics. 4:17 Directed Probiotics: Dr. Pedre thinks we are heading toward having probiotics directed at specific conditions. A patient of his was in urgent care in Sweden and was prescribed an antibiotic with a prescription of a probiotic that will protect the patient from the consequences of a decimated gut microbiome. The alteration of gut bacteria from antibiotics can last anywhere from 4 months to 12 months, though mouth bacteria can normalize in a week. The medicine of the future is going to take in consideration the effect of gut bacteria. 08:07 Probiotics and Antibiotics: Dr. Pedre will often put his patient on a probiotic while they are on the antibiotic, but dosed at a different time. He might temporarily increase the dose of the antibiotic when the patient is off the antibiotic. 09:01 Resistant Antibiotics: Different antibiotics affect the microbiome differently. Clindamycin causes a 4 month shift. Cipro caused a 12 month gut microbiome shift. Cipro is commonly prescribed for UTIs and gastroenteritis. Cipro with Flagyl is a favorite of GI doctors. It was used so often on gonorrhea that gonorrhea is resistant to Cipro and an injected antibiotic must be used. Because of the heavy use of antibiotics, 2 million Americans each year develop an antibiotic resistant infections. Out of those, 23,000 people die. Among the deadliest are C. diff (clostridium difficile, which has become resistant to both Flagyl and Vancomycin, but can be resolved within 48 hours with a fecal transplant.) CRE (Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infection) and neisseria gonorrhoeae. Today’s medicine attacks the microbiome with no regard or respect. 16:40 Soil Microbiome: There could be a billion organisms in just one tablespoon of soil. It is the soil’s microbiome. When glyphosate is sprayed on the soil, it acts as a chelating agent to starve weeds of minerals, but also kills and alters the microbiome in the soil, which we need to bind nitrogen and make into food that the plants use. The majority of the oxygen is made from small organisms like green algae and phytoplankton in the ocean, and even cyanobacteria. 24:48 The Physical Gut and the Emotional Gut: Research has shown that gut flora impacts behavior. A probiotic supplement can help with depression, but Dr. Pedre embraces a holistic approach to treating depression, and other issues. It is not about one treatment, but how a great number of tools can work together to give optimal health.