Reducing an animal population by half would likely lead to a population spike and subsequent overshoot of the environment's carrying capacity due to reduced competition.

“So if you think about if you have a small population of deer or some kind of herbivore, and a huge meadow full of food, full of plant food for them to graze in, they're gonna get bigger and fatter, and in the ecological world that means more fit. And so when they're more fit, they're better able to ”

The natural environment is not stable and historically undergoes constant change.

“one thing i've noticed from the evolution of species on earth is that nothing is ever constant and we want to think of it you know from a conservationist standpoint we think to ourselves oh let us stabilize the environment so that with yet if you look through the history of things it has never been ”

Arctic ecosystems are not fragile but are instead highly stable and robust environments where the native plants and animals are extremely well adapted to survive.

“Quite the reverse. You've got wonderfully well adapted plants and animals who are as comfortable in their environment as you are in yours. It's a highly unstable environment, but it's immensely robust.”

Roads disrupt nature by fragmenting habitats, impeding migration, and acting as a major, direct source of mortality for various wildlife species.

“road ecology is is basically this relatively small, but I would say fast growing field of science that looks at all of the different ways that roads interacts with and connect with nature and often fragment nature, right?”

Roads create a human presence that negatively impacts wildlife behavior and limits the available undisturbed habitat for animals.

“Wherever you put roads, you add people to the landscape. You create a human presence and pressure on wildlife. And so, you get you get animals avoiding roads because of that typical, you know, human activity there.”

Forests require active disturbance management to maintain the structural diversity necessary for the health of many species, including ruffed grouse and woodcock.

“If we're taking a hands-off approach to these systems, we are we are starving them of the things that they need, the things that the forest needs to provide the types of habitat and diversity, not just for rough grass and American woodcock, as much as I love those two species, but for a whole host o”

He believes the axis deer population in Hawaii should be managed to reach a balance rather than being completely eradicated.

“our mission isn't to get rid of these animals like we find them is an incredible resource for our communities when balanced and the only way we do that is people need to eat them”