View show notes page: https://bit.ly/3JtO7NS Sign up to receive Peter's email newsletter: https://bit.ly/4c602k2 Full title: #59 – Jason Fung, M.D.: Fasting as a potent antidote to obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and the many symptoms of metabolic illness Original release date: 6/24/19 In this episode, Jason Fung, nephrologist and best-selling author, shares his experiences utilizing an individualized approach to fasting to successfully treat thousands of overweight, metabolically ill, and diabetic patients, and why being a doctor who specializes in kidney disease gives him a unique insight into early indications of metabolic disease. We also have a great discussion on insulin resistance where Jason makes the case that we should actually think of hyperinsulinemia as the underlying problem. We also discuss the difference between time-restricted feeding, intermittent fasting, and dietary restriction (e.g., low-carb) and how they can be used to attack the root cause of T2D, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. We also have a fascinating discussion about the limitations of evidence-based medicine which leads to a conversation where we compare and contrast the scientific disciplines of medicine and biology to theoretical physics. We discuss: -Comparing scientific disciplines: Medicine and biology versus physics [7:25]; -The limitations of evidence-based medicine [12:30]; -Early signs of metabolic disease: How specializing kidney disease gives -Jason a unique insight into early indications of illness [20:50] -Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and the overflow paradigm [29:30]; -Why the common treatments for type 2 diabetes seem to make things worse [42:30]; -How hyperinsulinemia (not insulin resistance) drives metabolic syndrome [53:15]; -Insulin and weight gain, and using fasting to empty the cells of glucose [59:30]; -The two step process of developing type 2 diabetes and how they are both manifestations of hyperinsulinemia [1:03:15]; -NAFLD and hyperinsulinemia: A vicious cycle [1:08:30]; -Are the features and symptoms of diabetes actually protective? [1:12:15]; -Is obesity causing insulin resistance or is it the other way around? [1:17:30]; -What role does inflammation play in obesity? [1:21:45]; -CVD and cancer: Diseases of too much growth? [1:27:30]; -How to reduce proliferation with rapamycin, nutrition, exercise, fasting, and manipulating hormones [1:32:45]; -Getting patients to fast: How Jason and Peter utilize fasting in their practice, and how their approach differs [1:40:15]; -Comparing bariatric surgery to fasting as a treatment for type 2 diabetes [1:48:00]; -Why people think that fasting is bad for you [1:55:15]; -Time-restricted feeding and intermittent fasting: Defining terms, and how Jason applies them in his practice [1:58:30]; -A fasting case study: A diabetic patient with a non-healing foot ulcer [2:04:00]; -Keys to a successful fast [2:12:45]; -Muscle loss during fasting, and why Jason isn’t worried [2:24:45]; -Will fasting help a healthy person live longer? [2:31:30]; -Does fasting cause gallstones? [2:38:45]; and -More. About: The Peter Attia Drive is a weekly, ultra-deep-dive podcast focusing on maximizing health, longevity, critical thinking…and a few other things. With over 35 million episodes downloaded, it features topics including fasting, ketosis, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, mental health, and much more. Peter is the founder of Attia Medical, PC, a medical practice with offices in San Diego and New York City, focusing on the applied science of longevity. The practice applies nutritional biochemistry, exercise physiology, sleep physiology, techniques to increase distress tolerance, lipidology, pharmacology, and four-system endocrinology to increase lifespan (delaying the onset of chronic disease), while simultaneously improving healthspan (quality of life). Learn more: https://bit.ly/3183f1Y Subscribe to receive exclusive subscriber-only content: https://bit.ly/3pEGADK Sign up to receive Peter's email newsletter: https://bit.ly/33WrTDI Connect with Peter on: Facebook: http://bit.ly/PeterAttiaMDFB Twitter: http://bit.ly/PeterAttiaMDTW Instagram: http://bit.ly/PeterAttiaMDIG Subscribe to The Drive: Apple Podcast: http://bit.ly/TheDriveApplePodcasts Overcast: http://bit.ly/TheDriveOvercast Spotify: http://bit.ly/TheDriveSpotify Google Play: http://bit.ly/TheDriveGooglePlay