Atherogenic dyslipidemia, which involves high triglycerides, low HDL, and small LDL particles, is a major marker of heart disease risk.

“it's this metabolic trait, atherogenic dyslipidemia, of which the small LDL is a marker for and is almost certainly a causative feature of the disease associated with risk.”

LDL particles play a necessary but not sufficient causal role in the development of atherosclerosis.

“I absolutely believe that the lower the LDL the lower the risk of cardiovascular disease all other things equal why because LDL is necessary but not sufficient for atherosclerosis and I say that full stop”

He asserts that atherosclerosis is defined solely by the presence of cholesterol in the artery wall.

“I always joke there's like one synanon for aerosis and that says do you have cholesterol in your artery wall or do you not if you don't you don't have aosc orotic heart disease”

The causal relationship between LDL and atherosclerosis is not a foregone conclusion, especially for those with high HDL and low triglycerides.

“you've probably also heard the Davis somewhat skeptical of the LDL is causal paradigm more thinking in atherosclerosis so you're probably understand that out of the gate Dave and I don't really see eye to eye on the genesis of heart disease”